Wednesday, 22 May 2013

Maker: Victor Osborne - Hatmaker

I have to admit that I haven’t given a lot of thought to how hats are made. And by hats I mean older forms of mens hats - fedoras, trilbies, bowlers and the like - using wool felt. Interesting to see the forms used and the process involved in making them. 

Tuesday, 21 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - First Birds Of Morning (Lusine Remix) – Stewart Walker

First Birds Of Morning (Lusine Remix) – Stewart Walker

Something about Lusine’s sound and style that does it for me.

Artspiration: Frank Cho

While I think Adam Hughes does a fantastic take on modern pin-ups, I still think he’s edged out ever so slightly by Frank Cho. I think it’s the hips mainly.
Shanna the She-Devil. I should tend to those scratches for you.
Ms. Marvel. I’m seeing some stars.
Black Widow. The world would be a better place if more women walked around in tight black catsuits.
Red Sonja. She looks like she might be a bit pricklish, but I’m willing to try winning her over with my charm and wit.
Brandy. I wish she lived next door.
And just for good measure, another image of Shanna. I sometimes toy with the idea of a pinup tattoo. Doubt it would really fit into my grand scheme of things now, but if I ever did, she’d be toting an AR.

Monday, 20 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - Smoke Bomb – Ursula 1000

Smoke Bomb – Ursula 1000

It’s smokin’, and it’s da bomb!

Dundas EcoPark

Terrific documentary about the part of the world I live in and why I like it so. Nice to see aerial footage of the areas I go wandering in.

Touches on the importance of preserving swathes of nature for the health of the flora and fauna, but also because it improves cities, and the quality of life of the people that inhabit them. This area is part of the area that will be encompassed by the proposed Cootes to Escarpment Park. Also touches on the history of the native inhabitants (the earliest known examples of agriculture in Ontario was found here), and a little of the history of European settlement, such as the creation of the Desjardins Canal.

Sunday, 19 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - You Got To Change – Griz

You Got To Change – Griz

Fantastic, trip-hoppy head nodder. Featuring sampled horns from the Reverend Al Green’s “Hangin
 On”.

For Greater Knowledge....

Things that drive me nuts on forums

I frequent a few forums. Just like the myriad of interests I highlight on here, I go to a few disparate forums. I have for about a decade now. Great way to learn, share what you know, meet fellow enthusiasts, and just plain old having a connection with other human beings.

But increasingly forums drive me nuts.

While it’s great that the internet allows anyone to ask any question that pops into their head, it also allows people to ask the most inane questions imaginable. The “I’m looking for Audi R8 quality but I want to pay Kia Rio prices” threads are one in particular.

“I’m looking for a sleeping bag, that will keep me warm down to -40, pack down to something the size of a softball, fit my 400 pounds, weigh half a pound, come in a colour that pleases my aesthetic tastes....and I want it for $30.”

“I’m looking for a back pack that is super light, really comfortable, totally waterproof, huge volume, have the exact pocket arrangement I want, in a pleasing shade of chartreuse...oh and about $50.”


These questions drive me completely nuts. Look, you nickle and diming cheapskate. You can have some of those features. All of them? And at the most ludicrous price point imaginable? It’s this idea that there is a bargain version of everything. That totally unique, high quality item is made by a skilled artisan working in a first world country. No, the Walmart version doesn’t exist. Stop your snivelling questions about where you can find something of equal quality for an eighth of the price. Let me introduce you to the concept exemplified by a sign behind the counter of one of the first places I worked. “Fast. Cheap. Good. Pick two.”

Which dovetails into feeling compelled to tell everyone it’s out of your price range. I don’t care and neither does anyone else. Whenever someone posts something of superior quality some sockpuppet invariably feels compelled to state how expensive they think that is. So what? This is the best you can contribute to a thread? “Well, I can’t afford that.” Terrific. Thanks for that scintillating tidbit of information.


The inability to grasp the concept of the search button. Which dovetails into another annoyance, the same damn question over and over and over again. Your question has been asked many times and answered many more times. Are people really so oblivious as to not have a clue that a search feature exists, or are they really entitled douche bags who think that they don’t have to bother to look for the answer and expect everyone to go out of their way to re-write all that information all over again, just for them? Forums really don’t need ten threads covering the exact same topic. If it gets asked more than once, merge them, and make it a sticky. Forums at this point should start to function more as a clearing house for info, than as a place for every new to the internet mope to blunder in and ask the same ad nauseum question over and over and over again.

Questions that could essentially be answered with a Google search are another subset of that. LMGTFY.

Reviews that consist of “I just got this in and it looks great.” Really? I realize you’re desperate to belong and all, but could you post a more useless waste of bandwidth? What good is that? Get back to us after you’ve used it for a year. I don’t care that it looks good, I care that it performs good.

Even worse than that are “I just ordered this” posts. I want to reach through my computer and slap those drips.

Stating “gosh, I’d post pictures, but I don’t know how.” This was acceptable a decade ago, when forums were new, but by this point, I don’t think there is a forum in existence that doesn’t have a little tutorial on the very simple process of how to host and post photos. Look it up or get off the internet.

Makers: The Clockmaker

My dad was (among other things) a clock maker. Or a horologist, to use the technical term. I now kick myself that I didn’t take more of an interest in it when he was still alive, as it’s one of those supposedly dying, but still in demand skills. I’ve given some thought over the years that I should perhaps pursue it as a vocation. I figure I would be good at it and enjoy it. I like precise, finicky work, fixing things, solving problems, have great manual dexterity, etc. Alas, here in Canada at least, there is only one school that teaches it left in Canada, but it’s a French speaking school in Quebec, and it is slated to close. To pursue it at this stage in my life, would mean overcoming some very big hurdles.

This film about Cape Town clock maker Darryn Clark/Time Menders, gives an idea of some of what it all involves. As this video mentions, there are many skills that it touches on - metal work, woodwork, chemistry, mechanics, micro mechanics, etc. 

Saturday, 18 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - Tristesse – Kollektiv Turmstraße

Tristesse – Kollektiv Turmstraße

For it being “minimal” there is an amazing amount to this track. Video accompanies this piece of aural loveliness perfectly.

Wednesday, 15 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - When Autumn Comes – Stephen J. Kroos

When Autumn Comes – Stephen J. Kroos

Okay, so it’s actually spring, but this track is so damn good I had to share it. I just couldn’t wait a half year. Besides, if you’re in Hobart or Bloemfontein or Rio Gallegos, it’s autumn.

Amsterdam Tattoo Convention

I won’t be going, but we have the posters framed and hanging up in the bathroom of the shop. Reminded me I should give it a prop. 
http://amsterdam.tattooexpo.eu/en/2013/

And the posters from previous years featuring my girlfriend.

Tuesday, 14 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - The Seer Returns – Swans

The Seer Returns – Swans

Lots of bands I was into long ago I don’t care that much if I never see them live today, but Swans I’d go to a live show of in a heartbeat.

Monday, 13 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - Strange Parallels (Codemonkey Remix) – Tripswitch

Strange Parallels (Codemonkey Remix) – Tripswitch

Artspiration: Adam Hughes

In my world it’s a tossup between Adam Hughes and Frank Cho as to who draws the most splendiferous babes. I tossed a coin and decided today would be Adam Hughes day.

http://www.justsayah.com/

The cover of the latest Fables: Fairest, that I enjoyed a lot. As is to be expected.
CatWoman. Oh Selena, you naughty thing you.
The Baroness. Yes I wish to be part of whatever nefarious plot you dream up.
Lara Croft. I’ll go raid tombs with you.
Wonder Woman. Wondrous indeed.

Sunday, 12 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - Bright Lights (Lenzman Remix) – Die & Interface

Bright Lights (Lenzman Remix) – Die & Interface

Well, well. Turns out Lenzman, whose remixes I’ve been really enjoying, is a Dutchman. And I enjoyed this one as well.

Labyrinth pt. 1

Helped a friend do a preliminary layout for a 40 foot labyrinth at his son’s school yesterday.
The very classical labyrinth design we’re going with. There are many, many variations, but we opted for this one.
Even with my height it’s tough to get a good overall view of it. Once it’s been painted I’ll make a more concerted effort to get a good overview shot.
By the time this is ready to be painted all these marks will be gone, but as the old adage goes, measure twice, cut once. Or paint, in this instance. It was essentially just a practice run, a rehearsal. We made a slight booboo, in that we figured out curves and that crossing point after that. Should have done the crossing first, and then everything else. We know now for the next time, and figured out some techniques for how to most effectively lay it and mark it out for painting.

Looking forward to doing this. I know there are all sorts of spiritual aspects to labyrinths, that they are used as contemplative, meditative exercises. But I’m just a geometry geek who likes spirals.


Some more info about labyrinths.
http://www.labyrinthsociety.org/

Friday, 10 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - Secret of the Forest (on piano) – Chronos Trigger

Secret of the Forest (on piano) – Chronos Trigger

From the soundtrack of a video game I am totally unfamiliar with (that could be said about video games in general), but I’m glad I found this. Japanese pianist performing. Beautiful.

Thursday, 9 May 2013

S.o.t.D. - Black Sands – Bonobo

Black Sands – Bonobo

I really think Bonobo approaches genius level. I could listen to this on repeat for hours. Stunningly beautiful. Melancholy, yet uplifting.

A semi regular review of books pt.8

Why Your World Is About To Get A Whole Lot Smaller – Jeff Rubin
The End of Growth – Jeff Rubin
Rubin was the chief economist at Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce World Banks (their international investment branch) for 20 years. His job was to sift through all sorts of info to deduce what was worth investing in. One area that he studied in depth was the energy sector, and consequently how it effected all other segments of the economy. His knowledge of the subject led to these very sobering books.

I had a good grasp of the issues he discusses, but he goes into a lot more detail, reveals some things I was unaware of, and does a very good job of explaining the economics behind the issues. 


Get ready folks. Your world is in for some MASSIVE upheavals. In short, if you have a second car you were thinking of selling, sell it now, set up a vegetable garden, get a bicycle, take that dream trip to the other side of the planet now, etc. The days of cheap fuel and the far reaching ramifications of that, are over. On the plus side, manufacturing jobs will start trickling back into North America.

Highly recommended reading.


Made by Hand: Searching for Meaning in A Throwaway World – Mark Frauenfelder
My interest in making stuff, extends beyond how to, into why to. I like reading theory about it as well as anything that will improve skills. So I dug this book, by the editor of Make:. His definition of making extends into growing and cultivating as well, chronicling his efforts to raise chickens, keep bees, and garden.

As he puts it, he wanted to 

1) To improve my family’s home life by taking an active role in the things that feed, clothe, educate, maintain, and entertain us. 
And 
2) To gain a deeper connection and sense of engagement with the things and systems that keep us alive and happy.

One concept the book introduced me too, and I’m shocked I wasn’t familiar with it, is that of Wabi-Sabi. It’s more complex than my simplistic take on it, but it deals with the idea of the beauty found in an object’s imperfections. While the stuff I make tends to be close to perfect in terms of it fulfilling the needs I have for it, I also dig all the little flaws and imperfections. It’s fully functional, it’s structurally sound, but there are slight cosmetic imperfections, and a very visible  “hand-made” look to it that I appreciate. I’m not as concerned with everything looking perfect as I am with functionality, and, just the act of making. I know I will keep learning and improving. The next thing I make will benefit from what I just made.

A copied passage from the book.
 


It’s not easy to see through the consensual illusion that buying stuff will make you happy. But the people I’ve met through Make: have succeeded, to one degree or another, in deprogramming themselves of the lifelong consumer brainwashing they’ve received. They’ve learned how to stop depending so much on faceless corporations to provide them with what they need (and desire) and to begin doing some of the things humans have been doing since the dawn of time. They’re willing to take back some of the control we’ve handed over to institutions. They believe that the sense of control and accomplishment you get from doing something yourself, using your own hands and mind, can’t be achieved any other way. They make things not because they are born with any special talent for making but because they choose to develop and hone their ability. And yes, some of the things they make are mistakes, but they aren’t afraid of making them, because they’ve rejected the lesson from the Bernay school of brainwashing that says handmade stuff is bad because it isn’t perfect.

The alpha DIYers I have gotten to know over the years have inspired me to make things and make mistakes. Once I discovered how much fun it was to become active in the process of making, maintaining, and modifying the things I use and consume every day, the little flaws, quirks and imperfections in my handiwork stopped becoming shameful, and instead felt like badges of honour.

Another quote I appreciated:
No one talks of failure as anything but shameful; this is wrongheaded and foolish. Mistakes are synonymous with learning. Failing is unavoidable. Making is a process, not an end. It is true that deep experience helps avoid problems, but mainly it gives you mental tools with which t solve inevitable problems when they do come up. The act of failing again and again is the only way to equip oneself with the mental toolbox of a successful DIYer.
The Idea Factory: Bell Labs and the Great Age of American Innovation – Jon Gertner
Tim Wu’s The Master Switch mentioned Bell Labs several times, and I was intrigued. Saw this sitting on the shelf at the library and grabbed it. 

Bell Labs was the R&D arm of AT&T. 
For a long time it was the biggest, richest corporation in the world, and the largest single employer. While there is a lot to be said against a massive monopoly, I wonder whether it was the case that only a company this large was capable of providing the level of service they did. They really saw their government granted domination of the market as a sacred trust. They felt it was their duty to provide a high level of service and quality to their customers. As the book says: “The overseers of the phone company, these top-hatted executives at AT&T, were mercenary and aggressive and as arrogant as any captains of industry. But the phone service offered to subscribers was reliable and of high quality and not terribly expensive.”

The things that we now take utterly for granted or have become obsolete, were at one time completely new technologies. Whole teams of chemists worked for a long time on sheathing for the phone cables that could withstand moisture and extreme variations of temperature. Then there were whole teams of chemists who had to spend years on devising an insulator to go between the sheathing and the cable. Whole fields were planted with poles of different woods, coated in a wide variety of chemical slurries and left there for decades to see which ones withstood the test of time and climate best. There were no such things as devices to measure signal strength or channel capacity - engineers at Bell Labs had to invent those. It’s easy to forget how incredibly complex the phone system was and is.

Another aspect of Bell Labs I thought was interesting was how everyone in different department was encouraged to go visit members of other departments to learn about what they did, to unreservedly help people from other departments if they came and asked for your help, and to spend time essentially “goofing around”. A lot of worthwhile things came from going off on wild tangents, or helping someone else with their harebrained scheme.

The place was filled with mad scientists (some delightfully so, some who took some sinister turns later in life), including Mervin Kelly, John R. Pierce
 Claude Shannon, William Shockley, Bill Baker and many others.

The place was solely or largely responsible for radio astronomy, vacuum tubes, transistors and solid-state electronics, lasers, microwaves, C and C++ programming language, Unix operating system, photovoltaic cells, information theory, pulse code modulation, cellular communication, solar cells and many, many other things. Tens of thousands of patents were awarded to Bell Labs over the many decades of its existence. It spawned 7 Nobel Prizes, as well as Turing Prizes, Comstock Prizes, Kyoto Prizes, etc.


As William O. Baker said to a Senate Subcommittee looking to dismantle the monopoly, the Bell Labs “allowed human creativity to be converted to human benefits.”


Tiny Homes - Simple Shelter: Scaling Back in the 21st Century – Lloyd Kahn
Reviewed here.

Love this book!


The Quotable Hitchens - From Alcohol to Zionism: the Very Best of Christopher Hitchens – Christopher Hitchens
I’ve been on a big Hitchens kick lately, and like everything else he wrote, this proves what a giant intellect he was, and that his mastery of the English language was second to none.

Energy Flash: A Journey through Rave Music and Dance Culture – Simon Reynolds
Having been a part of this scene, reading a history of it by someone who was both a participant in and scholarly observer/chronicler of the topic, was great. To be honest, while I’ve read many things about various performers/creators/genres within the broad rubric of “rave”, an erudite treatise about it and its many guises from the beginning, and its broader cultural implications, in one volume gave me a renewed appreciation for it. Reynolds is a really good writer about music, regardless of the scene.
The Odyssey: A Graphic Novel – Gareth Hinds
I’m an uneducated bumpkin who has never read the Odyssey. Keeping with my uncultured rube status, a comic book version was a little more my speed. Reading this has increased my speed to the point that I now really want to read the actual book. I see what all the fuss has been about all these millennia.

Space Atlas: Mapping the Universe and Beyond – James S. Trefil
I want to learn as much as I can, so I’ll sometimes grab a random book about a subject I’m not so familiar with from the shelves at the library - geology, mathematics, mechanics, botany, economics, etc. 

This is one such book. I’m certainly not ignorant about the topic of our universe, but every so often it’s good to be completely humbled by the magnificence of our solar system and everything beyond it. I learn a bit more every time. This National Geographic publication is an excellent book on the subject.


Stumptown 1: The Case of the Girl Who Took Her Shampoo (but Forgot Her Mini) – Greg Rucka
If there is an award for a male writing great female characters, Rucka deserves to win it. Once again, a capable, likable, screwed up gal - in other words, an actually believable character real people can identify with.

The Poison Diaries – Jane Northumberland 
A delightfully twisted gothic tale and also an education in toxic botany. The story of an apprentice to an evil old apothecary, who the plants in a poison garden speak to. They each have a distinct voice and teach him of their powers, and how to use them to kill his cruel master. The illustrations by Colin Stimpson are fantastic, and inspired in me at least some ideas for a tattoo sleeve. If you liked Lemony Snicket’s A Series of Unfortunate Events and Patrick Süskind’s Perfume, this might well be up your alley.

Victorian Undead: Sherlock Holmes vs Zombies! – Ian Edginton
Victorian Undead: Sherlock Holmes vs Dracula – Ian Edginton
Completely over the top, but rollicking good fun. And the art by Davide Fabbri is absolutely fantastic! Bit of a steam-punkish/League of Extraordinary Gentleman feel to both of these. Of course, being the detail geek I am, I found the inclusion of tanks and submachine guns in stories set in about 1875 a bit annoying. The inclusion of zombies and vampires I could overlook, but those two points I had trouble with. Go figure.

The Score: A Graphic Novel – Richard Stark/Darwyn Cooke
I really hated the character in the first two graphic adaptations, but I didn’t find him quite so cretinous in this noir/heist story. And I absolutely loved the stark monochromatic artwork by Darwyn Cooke. It really helped to give it a period feel. His ability to nail the clothes, architecture and cars of the late 50s, early 60s helped a lot too.

Power Down – Ben Coes
Coup d’État – Ben Coes
The Last Refuge – Ben Coes
Novels in the Brad Thor/Vince Flynn vein. Nothing very deep, just a few evenings of escapist fun. About as subtle as being T-boned by a truck, and even less plausible than the afore mentioned writers, but a guilty pleasure. And they also suffer from the same sorts of utterly banal covers that the Vince Flynn books have. There must be a factory that churns out generic images with a building in Washington/seal of some branch of government/guy with a gun/explosion and some sort of gauzy, waving Stars and Stripes super or under-imposed just for these sorts of novels.

I enjoyed it thoroughly, but then I’m biased because I adore Fables. Aimed at young adults, but you can read it as an adult and still enjoy it a lot. Little bit dark, but not that dark. Some violence, but fairly tame. Heroes quest, an unlikely band of protagonists, talking animals, mysterious bad guys, suspense, ruminations on the meaning of friends and also on books and characters in books. It can be read as a fun kids with talking animals and a resourceful boy scout, or as a deeper exploration of literary themes.

The Unwritten: Tommy Taylor and the War of Words – Mike Carey
A smart, engaging story about stories and the power they have. One of the best graphic novel series out today.
I especially liked how the story was propelled forward by interspersed panels that showed television broadcasts, forum posts, web pages, newspaper reports, twitter feeds, etc.

Americus – M. K. Reed, Jonathan David Hill
An enjoyable book about the power of books. A boy entering high school is a fan of a series of fantasy books. A group of fanatical christians want to ban it from the library because of its “occult” overtones. A book about coming of age in a small town, the power of truth to overcome zealotry, how the arts can lift you up out of a crummy situation, and how adults can be a beneficial influence on a tween/teen struggling to find his way in the world.

Moore, he of Watchmen fame wrote this in 84. (If I didn’t realize this fact, the style of drawing which looks so inimitably British early 80’s alt-comic, would have clued me in.) Wild story set in a well thought out future.
The whole angels oeuvre I find slightly nausea inducing, but some gorgeous and elaborate art and a story by the great Bill Willingham, and my favourite story from Alisa Kwitney redeem the exercise.

Birds, scenery, photos. Good. Accompanies a DVD, which I’m sure puts this book to shame.

The right wingers I know think I’m a left winger; the left wingers I know think I’m a right winger. I can’t win.

I don’t like the prime minister of the country I live in, but I’m not too enthralled about most of the alternatives. In the country to the south of me, I thought Bush was terrible, but don’t think Obama is much better. I can’t stand unions, but dislike many corporations just as much. I could care less what two consenting adults do in the privacy of their home, and think all consenting adults in a committed relationship deserve equal civil rights. I feel responsible adults should be allowed to own anything they want, especially “military style, full powered, high capacity, folding stock, bayonet lugged, pistol gripped, carbine type machine guns”. At this juncture in humanities evolution, I don’t think our biggest problem is a lack of people, and also think it’s up to the individual to decide if they want to carry a child to term. I still think national defense is vitally important, and have very little patience with mush brained twits who think we should just do away with the military altogether. I still think capitalism is the best option, but decry its excesses. I don’t like big government, but loathe big business even more. I think some people need to be removed from society forever and placed in confinement, and think police are justified at times in making life unpleasant for people who deserve it. I think the war on drugs is a colossal failure on every level and needs to be stopped immediately. I believe in a compassionate society, but also don’t think the taxpayer is a limitless ATM machine. I have very little patience with people who point out the evils of the US, while remaining strangely quiet about the far more egregious excesses and empire building by other regimes. I think religion is a big crock, and while I think you can believe in whatever fairy tale higher power you want, do not try to force your beliefs on me, and I also do not want policy decisions to be coloured by faith of any stripe. And I especially dislike when the “good book” is little more than a dustcover on a tome of ignorance and intolerance. I recycle, believe global warming is real, care about the planet I live on, try to live frugally and lightly on the Earth, avoid agribusiness products and support local organic food producers. Etc.

I think you can get the sense that my beliefs don’t fit into any one easily defined slot.

So I was intrigued to read a book that made me hopeful that not everyone in the US who identifies as a conservative, is part of one monolithic hegemony. That many of them seem to believe in some downright “lefty” beliefs. There is still the whole religious, stop abortion thing, which I just can’t get down with. But if they want to encourage local organic farming practices, gun rights, protect nature, curb the excesses of big business, alternatives to our mindless consumer culture, I think some common ground can be found. While I don’t agree with it entirely, it gave me hope that there are people in the US, “conservatives”, who are as uncomfortable as I am with the direction the American Right has taken in the last few decades.

A Crunchy Con Manifesto

1. We are conservatives who stand outside the conservative mainstream. We like it here; the view is better, for we can see things that matter more clearly.

2. We believe that modern conservatism has become too focused on material conditions (money, power, and the accumulation of stuff), and insufficiently concerned with the content of our individual and social character. The point of life is not to become a more satisfied shopper.

3. We affirm the superiority of the free market as an organizing economic principle, but believe the economy must be made to serve humanity’s best interests, not the other way around. Big business deserves as much skepticism as big government.

4. We believe that culture is more important than politics and economics, and that neither America’s wealth nor our liberties will long survive a culture that no longer lives by what Russell Kirk identified as “the Permanent Things” – those eternal moral norms necessary to civilized life, and which are taught by all the world’s great wisdom traditions.

5. A conservatism that does not recognize the need for restraint, for limits, for humility, and good stewardship—especially of the natural world—is neither helpful to individuals and society nor, ultimately, conservative.

6. A good rule of thumb: Small, Local, Old, and Particular are almost always better than Big, Global, New, and Abstract.

7. Appreciation of aesthetic quality–that is, beauty–is not a luxury, but key to the good life. Beauty is more important than efficiency. 

8. The relentlessness of media-driven pop culture deadens our senses to authentic truth, beauty, and wisdom. The cacophony of contemporary popular culture makes it hard to discern the call of truth and wisdom. There is no area in which practicing asceticism is more important.

9. We share Russell Kirk’s conviction that “the best way to rear up a new generation of friends of the Permanent Things is to beget children, and read to them o’ evening, and teach them what is worthy of praise: the wise parent is the conservator of ancient truths....the institution most essential to conserve is the family.”

10. Politics and economics won’t save us; if our culture is to be saved at all, it will be through living faithfully by the Permanent Things, preserving these ancient truths in the choices we make in our everyday lives. In this sense, to conserve is to create anew.